- Carbon Dating - Tracers - Tracking Kidney Disorders. a larger nitrogenous base with six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring; adenine and guanine. What are the three properties used to classify amino acids? Isotope analysis is the identification of isotopic signature, the abundance of certain stable isotopes and chemical elements within organic and inorganic compounds. Why is moderation of temperature important to living things? b. is mediated by the lipid bilayer. Learn elements and isotopes biology with free interactive flashcards. Why is versatile solvent important to living things? Uses of Isotopes. 2. a disaccharide composed of glucose and glucose, a disaccharide composed of fructose and glucose, a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose. Overall protein structure that results from aggregation of the polypeptide subunits. Each type of enzyme as an optimal temperature and pH level. What happens when electrons change levels? Isotopes are atoms of the same element that contain an identical number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. An isotope with 6 protons and 7 neutrons is carbon-13 or C-16. Why? Processes such as fractional distillation and diffusion are used to separate isotopes from one another. Differences in mass or radioactivity can be used to see where specific elements react with other compounds. Elemental isotopes differ in mass and sometimes in radioactivity. Isotopes are defined first by their element and then by the sum of the protons and neutrons present. Some elements, such as carbon, potassium, and uranium, have naturally occurring isotopes. Radiation from decaying isotopes can damage cellular molecules and can cause serious risks to living organisms. Method paleontologists use for dating is the amount of the term isotope is the amount of radioactive elements. Every chemical element has one or more isotopes. For instance, the carbon 14 is a radioactive isotope of carbon which is used in determining the age of the … Describe the two functions of DNA in a cell. What are the general roles of carbohydrates? Since radioisotopes decay at known rates, if we determine the amount of stable isotope remaining, and the amount of radioisotope we started with, we can calculate about how much has decayed and, from that, the age of the fossil or rock. … How Radioactive Isotopes are Used in Medicine. 13. They are used to determine the approximate the fossils or the rocks in which fossils are found. By the end of this section, you will be able to do the following: Define matter and elements; Describe the interrelationship between protons, neutrons, and electrons; Compare the ways in which electrons can be donated or shared … Isotopes are atoms of an element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. Find out how isotopes can be detected using mass spectrometry. Cohesion helps to transport water and nutrients to plants. The predictable half-life of different decaying isotopes allows scientists to date material based on its isotopic composition, such as with Carbon-14 dating. The rate of flow of a fluid through a pipe that is dug beneath the surface of the earth can be measured from the rate of radioactive shown by it if a source is mixed with a smaller quantity of a radioactive isotope. The Chemical Foundation of Life. 5) How is the periodic table arranged? A: The columns tell us the number of electrons in its out shell while the rows tell how many electrons shells an atom has. Isotopes used in Biology Radioisotopes are used for various applications in Biology. Isotope, one of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and position in the periodic table and nearly identical chemical behaviour but with different atomic masses and physical properties. c. involves soluble proteins. Thymine is only found in DNA and uracil is only found in RNA. Experiments with radioactive isotopes require specialized facilities for … What types of nitrogenous bases belong to DNA or RNA? DNA lacks a oxygen atom on the second carbon in its ring. This type of scan is useful for producing images of the brain and cardiac structures, as well as for detecting many types of cancer. This method is commonly used in organic chemistry and biochemistry. Radioactive isotopes can be helpful in their use in dating fossils and also in biological research and medicine, biologists often use radioactive tracers to follow molecules as they undergo chemical changes in an organism. monomers of nuclide acids composed of a nitrogenous base, a pentose (five-carbon sugar), and a phosphate group. Carbon dating makes use of Carbon-14, an isotope of Carbon. Heat is released when hydrogen bonds break. When it begins to lose energy it goes down an energy level. a chemical agent that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction, without being consumed by the reaction, protein that acts as a biological catalyst, the initial investment of energy for starting a reaction, the restricted region of the enzyme that binds to the substrate. This leads to information about not only the identity of the reaction product, but also provides information about the mechanism of the reaction or biochemical pathway. Radiocarbon dating techniques with … Define the term isotope; Isotopes are different forms of the same element that have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. O 5, and radiometric dating techniques with the age of a method used to upload are made when using radiometric dating is to you improve. Share: Facebook Twitter. What determines the primary structure of a protein? Describe the "Secondary" level of protein structure. Isotopic analysis can be used to understand the flow of energy through a food web, to reconstruct past environmental and climatic conditions, to investigate human and animal diets in the past, for food … An isotope with 6 protons and 7 neutrons is carbon-13 or C-16. 12. The two roles are to supply energy and help form cell structures. How does the alpha differ from the beta form of glucose? not identified OSTI Identifier: 4423791 NSA Number: NSA-01-001053 Resource Type: Journal Article Journal Name: Science Progress Additional Journal Information: Journal Volume: Vol: 36; Other Information: … When it goes down a level it loses energy and creates a colored light. Learn about isotopes and how they relate to the average atomic mass of an element. Learning Outcomes. What's the difference between DNA and RNA? The first chapters deal with the physico-chemical properties and radioactivity of isotopes. For example, the element hydrogen exists in nature as the isotopes … Radioactive isotopes are used to identify abnormal bodily processes. U-235 is used as a fuel in nuclear reactors. Step 2: Put the numbe…, An atom of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, Single bonds, double bonds, triple bonds, and quadruple bonds, Polysaccharides, triglycerides, polypeptides, and nucleic acids. Isotopes used in Biology Radioisotopes are used for various applications in Biology. This is possible because although an isotope has a detectable different nuclear structure it behaves the same chemically. Proteins preform several functions including transport, storage, structural support, speeding up chemical retains, cellular communications, movement, and defense against foreign substances. Other radioactive isotopes are used as tracers for diagnostic purposes as well as in research on metabolic processes. List the mass number of an element after its name or element symbol. Materials and Methods. Uranium Isotopes are popular for its use in nuclear reactors. Isotopes of an element all have the same chemical behavior, but the unstable isotopes undergo spontaneous decay during which they emit radiation and achieve a stable state. a nitrogenous base with a six-membered ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms; cytosine, thymine, and uracil. Considering your answers to Question 11, work with your group to write a definition of isotope using a sentence. Isotope is Biology is a six-chapter supplementary text that covers the properties and application of isotopes as labels or analytical tools in biological research. Isotopes are classified as “staple isotopes” or “unstable” radioactive isotopes. Why is cohesion important to living things? What is the significance of valence numbers? The succeeding … The term "isotopes" refers to atoms of an element that have the same quantity of protons but differ in the number of neutrons they possess. How do phospholipids interact in an aqueous solution? What are the effects of temperature and pH on enzyme activity? Use as a 'tracer' to determine where a drug is metabolized in the human body. For example, an isotope with 6 protons and 6 neutrons is carbon-12 or C-12. Key Takeaways Key Points. Overall shape of a polypeptide, resulting from interactions between side chains. Some of these isotopes are stable and exist … Learning Objectives . 4. Expansion when freezing prevents large bodies of water from completely freezing over, thus protecting underwater sea life. d. involves … Carbon-12, the most common isotope … What are the most common elements in humans? Versatile solvent means water is strong enough to dissolve necessary enzymes into bodily fluids, such as blood and saliva, without dissolving cell membranes. Valence numbers determine the chemical behavior of an atom. a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical means, a substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio, anything that takes up space and has mass, elements required by an organism in minute quantities, smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element, a subatomic particle with a neutral charge, weighs 1 dalton/amu, and is found in the nucleus, a subatomic particle with a positive charge, weighs 1 dalton/amu, and is found in the nucleus, a subatomic particle with a negative charge, weighs 0 dalton/amu, and is found orbiting the nucleus, the dense core of an atom packed with neutrons and protons, the number of protons in an atom of an element, the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom, one of the atomic forms of an element, with each form varying in neutron amount and atomic numbers, an isotope in which the nucleus decay spontaneously, the energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure, the different states of potential energy that electrons have in an atom, the average distances of electrons from the nucleus, which correlates to electrons' energy levels, the attractive forces that hold atoms together, the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms, two or more atoms held closely together by covalent bonds, the attraction of an atom for the electrons of a covalent bond, a covalent bond where the electrons are shared equally, a covalent bond where the electrons are not shared equally; on atom is more electronegative than the other, the attraction between cations and anions, compounds formed by ionic bonds; aka salts, a weak bond formed when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to on electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom, weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that are brought about by localized charge fluctuations, the binding together of like molecules, often by hydrogen bonding, a measure go how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid, a measure of the total amount of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of motion, the intensity of heat due to the average kinetic energy of the molecules, the amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1 g of that substance to change its temperature by 1°C, the quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1 g of it to be converted from liquid to gas, when liquid evaporates, and the surface of the liquid than remains behind cools down, a liquid that is completely homogenous mixture of two or more substances, any substance that has an affinity for water, substances that do not have an affinity for water, the sphere of water molecules around each dissolved ion, a stable suspension of fine particles in a liquid, the number of moles of solute per liter in a solution, a substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution, a substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution, Radioactive isotopes are used to date fossils and label chemical substances in metabolic processes. Describe the "Quaternary" level of protein structure. Some isotopes are unstable and will undergo … Sample Learning Goals Define “isotope” using mass number, atomic number, number of protons, neutrons and electrons. Nonpolar, polar, and electrically charged are the three properties of side chains used to classify amino acids. 2. Property 3H 14C 35S 32P 125I 131I Half-Live 12.3 years 5730 years 87.4 days 14.3 days 60 days 8.04 days Decay Mode β β β β γ(EC) β and γ E(max)/E(ave) (KeV) 18.6/6 156/49 167/49 1709/690 — … This isotope of carbon is present in the atmosphere as radioactive carbon. 4. When a radioactive isotope is added in small amounts to comparatively large quantities of the stable element, it behaves exactly the same as the ordinary isotope chemically; it can, however, be traced with a Geiger counter or other detection device. Where are the electrons in an atom found? These chapters also explore their synthesis, preparation, radiation decomposition, and decay of radioactivity. Learn isotopes biology with free interactive flashcards. Full Record; Other Related Research; Authors: Popjak, G Publication Date: Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1948 Research Org. universal system of measurement used by scientist around the w…, Eidell Lecture 4: Periodic table, elements, isotopes, An isotope is one of two or more species of atoms of a chemica…, Isotopes utilized in nuclear medicine fall into two broad cate…, A "stable isotope" is any of two or more forms of an element w…, Stable isotopes are tools used by researchers worldwide in the…. Start studying Biology isotopes quiz. they are used in carbon dating. Know the components of atoms an how their properties are important in biology 3. Radioactive isotopes are used as tracers in drug metabolism studies. Why is H bonding so important to water's properties? Studies of metabolism, drug utilization, and other reactions in living organisms can be done with stable isotopes such as 13C, 15N, 18O, and 2H. Primary structure is determined by inherited by genetic information. Choose from 278 different sets of isotopes biology flashcards on Quizlet. Support for U.S.-based reactors is Isotopes are used as tracers in many medical settings. What are common isotopes discussed in Biology? Isotopic labeling is used to track the passage of an isotope through a reaction, metabolic pathway, or cell. I know that Carbon-14 is used for carbon dating of fossils and such, it decays into the more stable isotope of Nitrogen-14 over time. How can you tell one isotope from another? Isotopes are used as tracking devices, image enhancers, and age determinations. Isotope definition, any of two or more forms of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus, or different atomic weights. Radioactive isotopes are used to date fossils and label chemical substances in metabolic processes Find out how isotopes can be detected using mass spectrometry. Use the radiation emitted by isotopes as … Unusual isotopes can be used as markers in chemical reactions. An ion is a negative ion. When an atom gains enough energy it jumps a level. If you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external resources on … Why is expansion when freezing important to living things? Generally, this section should include a concise description of the materials, procedures, and equipment used, including how the study was conducted, how data were collected, and what statistical and/or graphical analyses were undertaken. Biology. They are used for detection of tumours, blood clots, etc. 6) What causes electrons to get excited? Biology for Non-Majors I. Module 2: Chemistry of Life. Unstable isotopes are atoms that decay until they reach stability. Radioactive isotopes; concept of radioactive isotopes that biological evolution to you will need to give. Discuss the properties of isotopes and their use in radiometric dating. Use of Isotopes in Biology. Heat is absorbed when hydrogen bonds break. Isotope analysis is the identification of isotopic signature, the abundance of certain stable isotopes and chemical elements within organic and inorganic compounds. 5. By emitting a nuclear electron (β particle) or a helium nucleus (α particle), and radiation (γ rays) unstable isotopes disintegrate at measurable rates. Common isotopes involve carbon and hydrogen. Be able to explain how isotopes are used in medicine, dating fossils and forensics 4. WRITTEN BY. Kara Rogers. Functions Of Membrane Transport . NO, CARBON-12 AND CARBON-13 ARE ISOTOPES OF CARBON BUT HAVE DIFFERENT MASS NUMBERS. An atom is first identified and labeled according to the number of protons in its nucleus. Choose from 500 different sets of elements and isotopes biology flashcards on Quizlet. Atoms isotopes that are unstable, 000 years; half-life: provide the relative dating. In the betas version, the hydroxyl group is switched. This is essential to understanding things like … Note the mass number of two isotopes may be the same, even though they are different elements. OpenStax Biology 2e. The hydrophilic heads stay on the outside of the bilayer, facing the water. For example: There are 5 isotopes of nickel in the nature, including: , , , , . Electrons absorb or lose energy when they change energy levels. Describe the "Primary" level of protein structure. Kara Rogers is the senior editor of biomedical sciences at Encyclopædia Britannica, where she oversees a range of content from medicine and genetics to microorganisms. There are 275 isotopes of the 81 stable elements, in addition to over 800 radioactive isotopes, and every element has known isotopic forms. A cation is a positive ion. For example, an isotope with 6 protons and 6 neutrons is carbon-12 or C-12. The hydrophobic tails stay in the interior of the bilayer, away from the water. Some elements, such as carbon, potassium, and uranium, have multiple naturally-occurring isotopes. In the alpha version, the hydroxyl group is attached to the carbon-1 in the same manner as the hydroxyl group attached to the carbon04. The non-polar C-H bonds in the hydrocarbon chains of the fatty acids make fats hydrophobic. How is the substrate held in the active site? Describe the "Tertiary" level of protein structure. For instance, Stable Isotope Labeling with Amino Acids (SILAC) in cell culture is a process by which sister-cell … isotope: Any of two or more forms of an element where the atoms have the same number of protons, but … Moderation of temperature prevents living organisms from overheating and stabilizes temperature in bodies of water. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Quizlet biology is dated by caseydennison includes 31 questions covering vocabulary. Note the mass number of two isotopes may be the same, even though they are different elements. Adenine, cytosine, and guanine are found in both. Despite having different numbers of neutrons, isotopes of the same element have very similar physical properties. Consult the following list of isotopes symbols: a. In the context of the central dogma of accuracy and vocabulary, games, 730 years. If they reach too far from its optimal environment, the enzyme will denature. Key Terms. A: An isotope is an element that differs in neutrons but constant in protons. Radio-isotopes can be used as gauges. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Properties such as cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, and high specific heat would onto exist without hydrogen bonding. In addition, the most basic isotopes used in modern biomedical research laboratories (hydrogen-3, carbon-14, phosphorus-32/33, sulfur-35, iodine 125) are produced in reactors. Lastly, some isotopes used for cancer and thyroid treatments (strontium-89, yttrium-90, iodine-131) are also produced in this manner. The unique sequence of amino acids in a protein. Isotopes are atoms of a single element that differ in their numbers of neutrons. : Originating Research Org. List the mass number of an element after its name or element symbol. How many neutrons are in a nucleus of deuteron? The substrate is held by weak interactions, such as hydrogen and ionic bonds. Radioactive Isotopes are used for medicinal purposes. Both properties can be used in biological research (and medical treatments). The change in shape of the active site of an enzyme so that it binds more snugly to the substrate, induced by entry of the substrate. We make use of the fact that isotopes have different physical properties. Use the sim to learn about isotopes and how abundance relates to the average atomic mass of an element. The table below sum-marizes some generally useful information about some common isotopes. Search for: Atoms, Isotopes, Ions, and Molecules: The Building Blocks. non-protien helpers for catalytic activity, mimics that reduce the productivity of enzymes by blocking substrates from the active sites, mimics that do not directly compete with the substrate to bind to the enzyme at the active site. So those are two isotopes used in one of biology's many sub-categories. Search for: Isotopes. How many electrons were gained or lost if the ion symbol is Ca…, any of two or more versions of a chemical element, having the…, The name of an isotope is determined by the atomic __________…. Unusual isotopes can be used as markers in chemical reactions. The coils and folds formed by the hydrogen bonds between repeating sections of the polypeptide backbone. What happens when electrons change levels? Isotopes are various forms of an element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. How are isotopes used in biology? very important to its function, depends on the shape of the valence shells, the branch of chemistry that specializes in carbon compounds, organic molecules consisting only of carbon and hydrogen, compounds that have the same numbers of atoms of the same elements, but different structures and properities, isomers that differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms, isomers with the same covalent partnerships, but they differ in their spatial arrangements, molecules that are mirror images of each other, the components of organic molecules most commonly involved in chemical reactions, -OH; hydrogen atom bonded to oxygen atom, which is bonded to the carbon skeleton; alcohols, >CO; carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond; Ketones if carbonyl is within a carbon skeleton, Aldehydes if the carbonyl is at the end of the carbon skeleton, -COOH; oxygen atom double bonded to a carbon atom that is bonded to a hydroxyl group; carboxylic acids, -NH₂; nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and to the carbon skeleton; amines, -SH; sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom; thiols, -OPO₃²⁻; phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, one oxygen is bonded to the carbon skeleton, two oxygen carry negative charges; organic phosphates, adenosine triphosphate; primary energy-transferring molecule in the cell, condensation reaction/dehydration reaction, two molecules are covalently bonded together through the loss of a water molecule, simple sugars with molecular formulas with a multiple of CH₂O, two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage, a covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction, polymers made up of multiple monosaccharides, a storage polysaccharide of plants, entirely glucose monomers, helical, alpha, a storage polysaccharide of animals, entirely glucose monomers, helical, alpha, a structural polysaccharide of plants, straight, entirely glucose, beta, a structural polysaccharide of arthropods to build their exoskeletons, constructed from glycerol and fatty acids, three fatty acids linked to one glycerol molecule, an alcohol with three carbons, each with a hydroxyl group, a fatty acid with no double bonds between carbons, solid at room temperature, a fatty acid with one or more double bonds between carbons, liquid at room temperature, a lipid with only two fatty acids attached to glycerol, with the third hydroxyl group joined to a phosphate group, lipids characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four fused rings, a common component of animal cell membranes and is the precursor for which other steroids are synthesized, one or more polypeptides folded and coiled into specific conformations, organic molecules possessing both carboxyl and amino groups, the resulting covalent bond between the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of another, with the removal of a water molecule. DNA provides directions for its own replication and it directs RNA synthesis. Radioactive Isotopes and Biology. The isotopes used in PET scans are produced in a device called a cyclotron. ISOTOPES ARE ATOMS OF THE SAME ELEMENT WITH DIFFERENT MASS NUMBERS. Arsenic-74, An isotope of arsenic, is used for determining the presence of a tumour. This can be helpful, particularly in the field of cell biology, where research labs like Johns Hopkins University's Pandey Lab are finding new ways to study cancer and other life-threatening conditions. Elements Of Biology Final Exam Study Guide, positive, number determines atomic number, negative, revolve around nucleus in orbitals which in turn mak…, Symbol: H... Atomic Mass: 1.01... Atomic Number: 1, Symbol: He... Atomic Mass: 4.00... Atomic Number: 2, Symbol: Li... Atomic Mass: 3... Atomic Number: 6.94, Symbol: Be... Atomic Mass: 9.01... Atomic Number: 4, smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of a…, An atom of the same element with different numbers of electrons. Isotope any of two or more versions of a chemical element, having the same number of protons in the nucleus, or the same atomic number, but having different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus, or different atomic masses Be able to distinguish between the four types of chemical bonds and explain why they are important in maintaining the structure of biological molecules This can be helpful, particularly in the field of cell biology, where research labs like Johns Hopkins University's Pandey Lab are finding new ways to study cancer and other life-threatening conditions. The table below sum-marizes some generally useful information about some common isotopes.Property 3 H 14 C 35 S 32 P 125 I 131 I Half-Live 12.3 years 5730 years 87.4 days 14.3 days 60 days 8.04 days Decay Mode β β β β γ (EC) β and γ E(max)/E(ave) (KeV) 18.6/6 156/49 167/49 1709/690 — … Isotopes; Atomic Mass; Description Are all atoms of an element the same? Atoms isotopes that are unstable, 000 years ; half-life: provide the relative dating learn... Study tools arsenic-74, an isotope with 6 protons and neutrons present and present... Isotopes allows scientists to date fossils and label chemical substances in metabolic processes the element hydrogen in... With other compounds message, it means we 're having trouble loading external on. Isotopes as … uranium isotopes are atoms of an element after its or... Label chemical substances in metabolic processes learn elements and isotopes biology with free flashcards. To date fossils and label chemical substances in metabolic processes learn elements and biology... Concept of radioactive isotopes that are unstable, 000 years ; half-life: provide the relative.. Inorganic compounds, iodine-131 ) are also produced in this manner discussed in biology first by their and! Physico-Chemical properties and radioactivity of isotopes search for: atoms, isotopes, Ions, age! By caseydennison includes 31 questions covering vocabulary oxygen atom on the second in!, and high specific heat would onto exist without hydrogen bonding of amino acids results... Using mass spectrometry its name or element symbol ; concept of radioactive isotopes require facilities! Behavior of an element after its name or element symbol commonly used carbon... Number of an element after its name or element symbol chapters deal with the physico-chemical and! Facing the water and electrons presence of a single element that differs in neutrons but constant in protons element. Ring fused to a five-membered ring ; adenine and guanine the isotopes … Quizlet biology is by. Bodily processes inherited by genetic information change energy levels cancer and thyroid treatments ( strontium-89, yttrium-90, iodine-131 are... Stable isotopes and how they relate to the number of protons in its ring detected using mass.... Elements, such as carbon, potassium, and more with flashcards, games, and specific. Atoms that decay until they reach stability sequence of amino acids be used in biology Radioisotopes are as... Would onto exist without hydrogen bonding neutrons present energy level isotopes ; concept of isotopes. Inherited by genetic information radiation decomposition, and a phosphate group the C-H. Medical treatments ) nuclear structure it behaves the same chemically and diffusion used... Can be used as tracers for diagnostic purposes as well as in research on processes! Identical number of an element isotopes are popular for its own replication it... Is the identification of isotopic signature, the abundance of certain stable isotopes and abundance! Are defined first by their element and then by the hydrogen bonds between repeating sections of the polypeptide subunits used. Neutrons are in a cell belong to DNA or RNA they change energy.. In bodies of water temperature and pH level then by the hydrogen bonds repeating! Label chemical substances in metabolic processes isotopic signature, the enzyme will denature are defined first by their element then! Quaternary '' level of protein structure that results from aggregation of the same element with mass... “ isotope ” using mass spectrometry temperature important to water 's properties the succeeding … the! Expansion when freezing prevents large bodies of water acids in a nucleus of deuteron are in a cell in reactions. Table below sum-marizes some generally useful information about some common isotopes chemical substances in metabolic processes carbon-12 C-12. … isotope analysis is the identification of isotopic signature, the abundance of certain stable isotopes and chemical within! … they are used as tracers in drug metabolism studies treatments ) ” radioactive isotopes that are,! See where specific elements react with other compounds galactose and glucose, a disaccharide of! Deal with the same element that contain an identical number of protons but a number. Primary structure is determined by inherited by genetic information the average atomic of! Bilayer, facing the water a different number of an element that differ their. Has a detectable different nuclear structure it behaves the same number of neutrons out how isotopes are used in.! Between side chains used to see where specific elements react with other compounds learn about isotopes and use...