L 1516–1521. Some speculate that the Aztecs were particularly susceptible to such ideas of doom and disaster because the particular year in which the Spanish arrived coincided with a "tying of years" ceremony at the end of a 52-year cycle in the Aztec calendar, which in Aztec belief was linked to changes, rebirth, and dangerous events. Moctezuma gave Cortés the gift of an Aztec calendar, one disc of crafted gold and another of silver. By the Princess Acatlan were left two daughters, baptized as Maria and Marina (also known as Leonor); the latter alone left offspring, from whom descends the Sotelo-Montezuma family. He described Moctezuma's issue and estimates them to be nineteen – eleven sons and eight daughters. [10], On 8 November 1519, Moctezuma met Cortés on the causeway leading into Tenochtitlán and the two leaders exchanged gifts. Moctezuma was aware of this and sent gifts to the Spaniards, probably in order to show his superiority to the Spaniards and Tlaxcalteca. Therefore, to give the Spanish the necessary legitimacy to wage war against the indigenous people, Cortés might just have said what the Spanish king needed to hear. These were purportedly interpreted as signs of a possible disaster, e.g. As Tlatoani, Montezuma enjoyed a lifestyle that would have been the envy of any European King or Arabian Sultan. Díaz alleges that the Aztecs informed Moctezuma that a relative of his had risen to the throne and ordered their attack to continue until all of the Spanish were annihilated, but expressed remorse at Moctezuma's captivity and stated that they intended to revere him even more if they could rescue him. Your current browser isn't compatible with SoundCloud. 4 tracks (17:17). In an effort to pacify his people, and undoubtedly pressured by the Spanish, Moctezuma was struck dead by a rock. The belief of the Aztecs being rendered passive by their own superstition is referred to by Matthew Restall as part of "The Myth of Native Desolation" to which he dedicates chapter 6 in his book Seven Myths of the Spanish Conquest. Tezozomoc, Fernando Alvarado, 1992 (1949), Crónica Mexicayotl, Translated by Adrián León, UNAM, México. Unlike Bernal Díaz, who was recording his memories many years after the fact, Cortés wrote his Cartas de relación (Letters from Mexico) to justify his actions to the Spanish Crown. Please download one of our supported browsers. [24], Some of the Aztec stories about Moctezuma describe him as being fearful of the Spanish newcomers, and some sources, such as the Florentine Codex, comment that the Aztecs believed the Spaniards to be gods and Cortés to be the returned god Quetzalcoatl. 00:00. [28] These legends are likely a part of the post-conquest rationalization by the Aztecs of their defeat, and serve to show Moctezuma as indecisive, vain, and superstitious, and ultimately the cause of the fall of the Aztec Empire. He had many women as his mistresses, the daughters of chieftains, but two legitimate wives who were Caciques[N.B. Historical portrayals of Moctezuma have mostly been colored by his role as ruler of a defeated nation, and many sources have described him as weak-willed, superstitious, and indecisive. In Book 12 of the twelve-volume Florentine Codex, the account in Spanish and Nahuatl is accompanied by illustrations by natives. Montezuma residents have access to Montezuma Medical Clinic, located at 101 West Washington. a comet, the burning of a temple, a crying ghostly woman, and others. Listen to free internet radio, news, sports, music, and podcasts. Stream live CNN, FOX News Radio, and MSNBC. "[17], When Moctezuma was allegedly killed by being stoned to death by his own people, "Cortés and all of us captains and soldiers wept for him, and there was no one among us that knew him and had dealings with him who did not mourn him as if he were our father, which was not surprising, since he was so good. [22] Historian James Lockhart suggests that the people needed to have a scapegoat for the Aztec defeat, and Moctezuma naturally fell into that role. ", "Las reformas socio-económicas de Motecuhzoma II", Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moctezuma_II&oldid=1001010963, 15th-century indigenous people of the Americas, 16th-century indigenous people of the Americas, Articles containing Classical Nahuatl-language text, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2008, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2008, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SELIBR identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Moctezuma (spelled Montezuma) is portrayed in, Montezuma is a playable ruler for the Aztec in several of the, Several species of animals and plants such as, This page was last edited on 17 January 2021, at 20:44. While some historians such as Warren H. 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